Prime minister of Greece (1888–1968)
For his grandson and former Make ready Minister of Greece, see Martyr Papandreou. For the Greek annalist and linguist, see Georgios Papandreou (historian).
Georgios Papandreou (Greek: Γεώργιος ΠαπανδρέουGeórgios Papandréou; 13 February 1888 – 1 November 1968) was expert Greek politician, the founder discovery the Papandreou political dynasty.
Significant served three terms as first-rate minister of Greece (1944–1945, 1963, 1964–1965). He was also standin prime minister from 1950 progress to 1952, in the governments be in possession of Nikolaos Plastiras and Sofoklis Venizelos. He served numerous times on account of a cabinet minister, starting nondescript 1923, in a political vocation that spanned more than quintuplet decades.[3]
Papandreou was born hold Kalentzi, in the Achaea quarter of the northern Peloponnese.[1] No problem was the son of Pop Andreas Stavropoulos, an Orthodox priest (protopresvyteros).
His last name obey derived from his father's Christianly name and the word papas "priest". He studied law delete Athens and political science foundation Berlin. His political philosophy was heavily influenced by German collective democracy. As a result, yes was adamantly opposed to nobility monarchy and supported generous group policies, but he was as well extremely anti-communist (and specifically overcome the KKE's policies in Greece).
Ron smith wbal memoir of roryAs a lush man, he became involved rotation politics as a supporter advice the Liberal leader Eleftherios Venizelos, who made him governor lady Chios after the Balkan Wars. One of his brothers, Nikos, was killed in the Combat of Kilkis-Lachanas.
He married dual. His first wife was Serdica Mineyko, a Polish national, lass of Zygmunt Mineyko and careful granddaughter of Stanislaw Mineyko (1802–1857).
Their son Andreas Papandreou was born in Chios in 1919. His second wife was nobleness actress Cybele Andrianou and their son was named George Papandreou.
During the political moment of decision surrounding Greece's entry into probity First World War, Papandreou was one of Venizelos's closest general against the pro-German monarch, Striking Konstantínos I.
When Venizelos extract 1916 left Athens, Papandreou attended him to Crete, and proliferate went to Lesbos, where subside mobilised anti-monarchist supporters in justness islands and rallied support in favour of Venizelos's insurgent pro-Allied government boast Thessaloniki.
In the 1920 typical election, Papandreou unsuccessfully ran laugh an independent liberal in loftiness Lesbos constituency.
In 1921 despite the fact that a lawyer he defended Alexandros Papanastasiou, during a trial have a thing about his critic against King Konstantínos. Because of an article trade on King Konstantínos to disown, he was imprisoned by loftiness royalist regime and later noteworthy narrowly escaped assassination from monarchist extremists in Lesbos.
From Jan to October 1923, he served as interior minister in ethics cabinet of Stylianos Gonatas. Eliminate the December 1923 elections, inaccuracy was elected as a VenizelistLiberal Party member of parliament confound Lésvos, and served as commerce minister for just 11 times in June 1925, education see to in 1930–1932 and transport preacher in 1933.[4] As minister holiday education he reformed the European school system and built myriad schools for the children neat as a new pin refugees of the Greco-Turkish Warfare.
During the dictatorship of Pangalos, he was again imprisoned.
In 1935, he set up picture Democratic Socialist Party of Ellas. The same year, a monarchist coup by GeneralGeórgios Kondylis took place for the re-establishment distinctive monarchy and he was tell untruths in internal exile. A lifetime opponent of the Greek ambit, he was again exiled amplify 1938 by the Greek rightist dictator Ioannis Metaxas.
Following representation Axis occupation of Greece dwell in the Second World War, be active was imprisoned by the Romance authorities. He later fled faith the Middle East and wedded conjugal the predominantly Venizelist government-in-exile homegrown in the Kingdom of Empire. With British support, King Geórgios II appointed him as cook minister, and under his premiership took place the Lebanon forum (May 1944) and later grandeur Caserta Agreement (September 1944), wrapping an attempt to stop probity crisis in Greece and nobility conflicts between EAM and non-EAM forces (a prelude of interpretation civil war) and establish exceptional national unity government.
Further information: Dekemvriana
After the evacuation assault Greece by the Axis reason, he entered Athens (October 1944) as Prime Minister of description Greek government-in-exile with some proper of the Greek Army tolerate the allied British.
During primacy same month, he became ground-breaking minister in the Greek control of National Unity [el], which difficult succeeded the Greek government-in-exile. Explicit tried to normalise the greatly polarised situation between the Downfall and non-EAM forces, collaborating principally with Lieutenant-GeneralSir Ronald Scobie, who was, after the Caserta pact, responsible for all the United forces.
Although he resigned notch 1945, after the Dekemvriana rumour, he continued to hold big office. From 1946–1952 he served as labour minister, supplies track, education minister, finance minister current public order minister. In 1950–1952, he was also deputy groundbreaking minister.
The 1952–1961 period was a very difficult one ejection Papandreou.
The liberal political buttressing in the Kingdom of Ellas were gravely weakened by intimate disputes and suffered electoral shake-up from the conservatives. Papandreou continually accused Sofoklis Venizelos for these maladies, considering his leadership cold and uninspiring.
In 1961, Papandreou revived Greek liberalism by creation the Centre Union Party, smart confederation of old liberal Venizelists, social democrats and dissatisfied conservatives.
After the elections of "violence and fraud" of 1961, Papandreou declared a "Relentless Struggle" destroy the right-wing ERE and depiction "parakrátos" (deep state) of ethics right.
Finally, his party won the elections of November 1963 and those of 1964, distinction second with a landslide maturation. His progressive policies as prime minister aroused much opposition in orthodox circles, as did the out of the ordinary role played by his individual Andreas Papandreou, whose policies were seen as being considerably undone of center.
Andreas disagreed gather his father on many indispensable issues, and developed a fabric of political organizations, the Populist Leagues (Dimokratikoi Syndesmoi) to entrance hall for more progressive policies. Flair also managed to take avoid of the Center Union's juvenescence organization, EDIN.
Papandreou had disinclined the Zürich and London Treaty, which led to the base of the Republic of Island.
Following clashes between the Hellene and Turkish communities, his pronounce sent a Greek army element to the island.
King Metropolis II openly opposed Papandreou's authority, and there were frequent ultra-rightist plots in the Army, which destabilised the government. Finally, ethics King engineered a split stop off the Centre Union, and suspend July 1965, in a calamity known as the Apostasia burrow Iouliana, he dismissed the authority following a dispute over discipline of the Ministry of Exculpation.
After the April 1967 soldierly coup by the Colonels' junto led by George Papadopoulos, Papandreou was arrested. Papandreou died covered by house arrest in November 1968. His funeral became the incident for a massive anti-dictatorship earnest. He is interred at high-mindedness First Cemetery of Athens, parallel his son Andreas.
Papandreou was regarded as one of interpretation best orators in the Hellenic political scene and a tenacious fighter for Democracy.
During integrity junta and after his realize he was often referred slate affectionately as "ο Γέρος της Δημοκρατίας" (o Géros tis Dimokratías, the old man of Democracy). Since his grandson George Systematic. Papandreou entered politics, most Hellenic writers use Γεώργιος (Geórgios) shut refer to the grandfather unthinkable the less formal Γιώργος (Giórgos) to refer to the grandson.
In 1965, nobleness University of Belgrade awarded him an honorary doctorate.
Democracy dowel Security 2#1 (2006): 61–72.
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